ELISA instrument is a laboratory instrument used to detect the concentration of biological molecules, especially proteins or antibodies. It is based on enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technology and is used in fields such as biological research, clinical diagnosis, and pharmaceuticals. The following are the main principles and structures of the enzyme labeling instrument:

Principle:

The principle of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which is a method for detecting and quantifying biological molecules, typically used to detect the presence or concentration of antibodies or antigens.

Adsorption: Fixing antigens or antibodies on microporous plates or other adsorption surfaces to bind to the target molecules in the sample to be tested.

Washing: Remove unbound substances and add enzyme labeled secondary antibodies or substrates to the sample.

Reaction: If the sample to be tested contains target molecules, they will bind to antibodies or antigens. Then, the enzyme labeled secondary antibody or substrate will combine with the already bound target molecule to form a complex.

Detection: The enzyme labeled secondary antibody or substrate contains a detectable enzyme (usually horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase) that can convert the detected signal into readable results.

Measurement: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measures the conversion rate of the substrate, which is directly proportional to the concentration of the target molecule. The results are usually output in the form of absorbance or fluorescence intensity.

Structure:

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) instrument usually consists of the following main components:

Light source: Enzymes are usually equipped with a light source, such as a grating or photodiode, to generate an appropriate light source to illuminate the sample.

Optical system: The optical system includes a lens, filter, and detector, used to measure the absorbance or fluorescence signal in the sample.

Control system: The enzyme marker is equipped with a control system for setting and controlling experimental conditions, such as wavelength, temperature, and reaction time.

Sample rack: The sample rack is used to place microporous plates or other containers, which contain the samples and reagents to be tested.

Computer/Display: Many enzyme labeling instruments are equipped with computer interfaces and displays to record and analyze experimental data.

Automatic plate washing machine: Some enzyme labeling machines are also equipped with automatic plate washing machines, which are used to wash microporous plates to remove unbound substances.